How to keep my shape during menopause?

Keep sweating! Physical activity is your best friend. Nothing extreme, just enough to feel satisfied.

Author : Dr. Agnieszka Szmurło

Exercise is your best friend.

Your body is going through a lot; it’s true, but treating it with a few trainings per week is the best way to make sure that everything that still works properly and continues to do so!

The negative changes that occur during menopause can be observed in muscular tissue. A muscle wasting process (sarcopenia), and changes in the contractile properties are easily observed. Physical exercise has been used as a non-pharmacological intervention to prevent and reverse the physiological effects mentioned above. It is well known that physical exercise can improve functional and physical parameters such as body composition but also strength, cardiorespiratory capacity, and bone mineral density(1).

Physical activity may be important in predicting future physical function even more than body weight. Although the type, frequency, and duration of exercise needed to reduce fall risk and enhance bone density mass remains controversial, resistance training seems to be the best choice. It can slow bone mineral loss and preserve muscle. Also, the use of weights while training can improve physical function(2).

Exercise during menopause prevents joint changes, osteoporosis, and muscle wasting. They strengthen blood circulation of tissues, protect against chest stiffening, and prevent varicose veins and hernias. They have a beneficial effect on the circulatory system. Increasing blood circulation in peripheral vessels causes an increase in the surface of blood contact with tissues. Physical activity thus works to heal and rejuvenate(3). There are plenty of benefits. So how can you keep your shape during menopause?

Some ideas to help you stay active:
● Running
● Walking
● Swimming
● Cycling
● Yoga
● Pilates
● Qi Gong(1)

The rules to have a good body shape are simple

1.     The higher the level of daily physical activity and greater physical capacity, the lower the risk of developing chronic diseases, including cardiovascular diseases and metabolic diseases(3).

2.     When you notice a deterioration in physical fitness and performance, do not start moving less and less! It will reduce your overall fitness even more(3).

3.     Performing specific physical activities that enhance or maintain dynamic balance and knee extension strength are essential to decrease risk for falls(2).

4.     Several types of exercise are recommended to improve functional capacity, for example, continuous and intermittent exercises (walking and running), flexibility and resistance training(1).

5.     Resistance training should be conducted by a physiotherapist or personal trainer. The exercises can consist of: leg presses, chest presses, seated rows, leg extensions, leg curls, lateral pull-downs, crunches and back raises. It is important to remember that every training session should include 10 minutes of a warm-up on a cardio machine followed by dynamic and static stretching post-workout(4).

6.   Try to be active as often as possible. Walk rather than driving or taking public transportation. Take the stairs instead of the elevator.

7.     Physical activity in combination with ‘‘good nutrition’’ (adequate nutrient intakes) can benefit postmenopausal women, preventing the decline of physical function typically seen with aging. Therefore, it is crucial to remember that the best effects will be achieved by combining both(2).
 

In summary
- Stand more
- Walk more
- Take the stairs
- Carry your bags
- Increase your heartrate from time to time, and get a little sweat going

Little efforts throughout your day go a long way. An active lifestyle plus good nutrition are the keys to maintaining your physique.

SOURCES:
[1]. Leite, R. D., Prestes, J., Pereira, G. B., Shiguemoto, G. E., & Perez, S. E. A. (2010). Menopause: Highlighting the
Effects of Resistance Training. International Journal of Sports Medicine, 31(11), 761–767.
[2]. Kuczmarski, M. F., Weddle, D. O., & Jones, E. M. (2010). Maintaining Functionality in Later Years: A Review of
Nutrition and Physical Activity Interventions in Postmenopausal Women. Journal of Nutrition For the Elderly, 29(3),
259–292.
[3]. Wiśniewska A, Napierała M, Pezala M, Zukow W. Wpływ aktywności fizycznej na psychomotorykę kobiet w
okresie menopauzy = The effect of physical activity on psychomo- tor women menopausal. Journal of Health Sciences.
2014;4(14):257-272.
[4]. Berin, E., Hammar, M. L., Lindblom, H., Lindh-Åstrand, L., & Spetz Holm, A.-C. E. (2016). Resistance training for
hot flushes in postmenopausal women: Randomized controlled trial protocol. Maturitas, 85, 96–103.